Sets of behavioral norms accompanying one's status as male or female are referred to as what?

• A. Exosystem
• B. Chronosystem
• C. Gender roles
• D. Macrosystem

Answer: (C)

Gender roles are the sets of behavioral norms expected of people based on their gender. They tell individuals what kinds of actions, responsibilities, and ways of relating are appropriate for being male or female, and they are shaped by culture, family, and social expectations. These norms can influence how someone is socialized, what opportunities they pursue, and how others treat them, and they can vary across cultures and change over time.

The other terms come from Bronfenbrenner’s ecological framework and refer to broader contexts rather than the specific expectations tied to gender. The exosystem involves settings that indirectly affect a person, like a parent’s workplace. The macrosystem covers the wider cultural values, laws, and practices. The chronosystem accounts for changes over time in both individuals and their environments.